1. Misoperation failure:

這種故障是高低壓成套設備主要的故障，其原因可分為兩類。一類是因操動機構及傳動系統的機械故障造成，具體表現為機構卡澀，部件變形、位移或損壞，分合閘鐵芯松動、卡澀，軸銷松斷，脫扣失靈等。另一類是因電氣控制和輔助回路造成，表現為二次接線接觸不良，端子松動，接線錯誤，分合閘線圈因機構卡澀或轉換開關不良而燒損，輔助開關切換不靈，高低壓電氣成套設備以及操作電源、合閘接觸器、微動開關等故障。

This fault is the main fault of high and low voltage complete sets of equipment, and its causes can be divided into two categories. One is caused by the mechanical failure of the operating mechanism and transmission system, which is specifically manifested in mechanism jamming, component deformation, displacement or damage, opening and closing iron core looseness and jamming, shaft pin looseness, tripping failure, etc. The other is caused by electrical control and auxiliary circuit, which is manifested in poor secondary wiring contact, loose terminal, wrong wiring, burning of opening and closing coil due to mechanism jamming or poor change-over switch, ineffective switching of auxiliary switch, high and low voltage complete electrical equipment, operating power supply, closing contactor, microswitch and other faults.

2、開斷與關合故障：

2. Breaking and closing fault:

這類故障是由斷路器本體造成的，對少油斷路器而言，主要表現為噴油短路、滅弧室燒損、開斷能力不足、關合時爆炸等。高低壓電氣成套設備對于真空斷路器而言，高低壓電氣成套設備表現為滅弧室及波紋管漏氣、真空度降低、切電容器組重燃、陶瓷管破裂等。

This kind of fault is caused by the circuit breaker itself. For the low oil circuit breaker, it is mainly manifested in short circuit of oil injection, burning loss of arc extinguishing chamber, insufficient breaking capacity, explosion during closing, etc. High and low voltage electrical complete equipment for vacuum circuit breaker, high and low voltage electrical complete equipment is characterized by air leakage of arc extinguishing chamber and bellows, reduction of vacuum degree, re ignition of cutting capacitor bank, rupture of ceramic tube, etc.

高低壓電氣成套設備

Complete set of high and low voltage electrical equipment

3、外力及其他故障：

3. External force and other faults:

包括異物撞擊，自然災害，小動物短路等不可知的其他外力及意外故障的發生。

Including foreign body impact, natural disasters, small animal short circuit and other unknown external forces and accidental failures.

4、絕緣故障：

4. Insulation failure:

絕緣水平是要正確處理作用在絕緣上的各種電壓(包括運行電壓和各種過電壓)、各種限壓措施、絕緣強度這三者之間的關系。高低壓電氣成套設備力求使產品做到既安全又經濟，高低壓電氣成套設備得到佳的經濟效益。高低壓電氣成套設備在絕緣方面的故障主要表現為外絕緣對地閃絡擊穿，內絕緣對地閃絡擊穿，相間絕緣閃絡擊穿，雷電過電壓閃絡擊穿，瓷瓶套管、電容套管閃絡、污閃、擊穿、爆炸，提升桿閃絡，CT閃絡、擊穿、爆炸，瓷瓶斷裂等。

Insulation level is to correctly deal with the relationship between various voltages (including operating voltage and various overvoltage), various voltage limiting measures and insulation strength. High and low voltage electrical complete sets of equipment strive to make products safe and economical, and high and low voltage electrical complete sets of equipment get good economic benefits. The insulation faults of high and low voltage complete electrical equipment are mainly manifested in external insulation flashover and breakdown to ground, internal insulation flashover and breakdown to ground, interphase insulation flashover and breakdown, lightning overvoltage flashover and breakdown, porcelain insulator bushing, capacitor bushing flashover, pollution flashover, breakdown and explosion, lifting rod flashover, CT flashover, breakdown and explosion, porcelain insulator fracture, etc.

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